effect of microwave on human body ppt{ keyword }

Schz J, Waldemar G, Olsen JH, Johansen C. Risks for central nervous system diseases among mobile phone subscribers: a Danish retrospective cohort study. & Hu, XJ. However, these experimental results remain to be supported in repeated experiments [40,41,42]. Front Neurosci. Zhi, WJ., Wang, LF. Synapse. The normal function of synaptic vesicles depends on the normal expression of related proteins. Hear I can show the different strength of microwave technologies. Thurczy G, Kubinyi G, Bodo M, Bakos J, Szabo L. Simultaneous response of brain electrical activity (EEG) and cerebral circulation (REG) to microwave exposure in rats. Therefore, the authors concluded that exposure to a radiofrequency of 900MHz might trigger the neoplastic process because it produces a relative increase in the number of potentially long-lived cells. Chin J Radiol Med Prot. J Mol Neurosci. : a biochemical study on mouse brain. Describes the health effects on six men exposed to high levels of RF radiation (100 MHz) while working on transmission masts. Google Scholar. 2005;130:591600. Defective actin dynamics in dendritic spines: cause or consequence of age-induced cognitive decline? Hinrikus H, Bachmann M, Lass J, Karai D, Tuulik V. Effect of low frequency modulated microwave exposure on human EEG: individual sensitivity. Most studies have suggested that microwave radiation can cause EEG abnormalities in experimental animals and participants, but some negative results have also been reported in studies using low-power microwaves. 2012;112:1715. Does MW radiation affect gene expression, apoptotic level, and cell cycle progression of human sh-sy5y neuroblastoma cells? Their answers to questionnaires showed that the workers suffered from symptoms including headaches, fatigue, stress and sleeplessness. Thus, the committee suggested that in the future, studies should explore the border between thermal and non-thermal effects and that specific effects, such as triggering the onset of thermoregulatory reactions, should be defined. In 57% of military devices, Polish soldiers work in occupational protection zones. Interphone study group. Bull Exp Biol Med. Johansen C, Boice JD, McLaughlin JK, Olsen JH. PubMed Relationship between cognition function and hippocampus structure after long-term microwave exposure. 2010;3:4650. Microwaves are widely used in households, industry, communications, and medical and military buildings, and they provide substantial contributions to the development of human society. Cull-Candy SG, Leszkiewicz DN. Bioelectromagnetics. volume4, Articlenumber:29 (2017) J Natl Cancer Inst. CAS 2013;89:11007. radiations. A metabolomic approach to screening urinary metabolites upon microwave exposure in monkeys. 2003;140:147. Impairment of long-term potentiation induction is essential for the disruption of spatial memory after microwave exposure. In addition, glucose is also related to cognitive functions, and reductions in the metabolism and uptake of glucose have been observed in local regions of the brain in Alzheimers patients [107, 108]. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 1992;6:379. 2016;25:31827. 2006;5:389. Additionally, in the 2.4W/kg group, neuronal filopodial density and activity were lower on day 8, and there was a reduction of the dendritic spine maturity on day 14. Krylova I, Dukhanin A, Il'in A, Kuznetsova EY, Balaeva N, Shimanovskii N, et al. At present, due to a general consensus that the most significant parameter for . 2004;23:20114. CAS Article Ito K, Hirao A, Arai F, Takubo K, Matsuoka S, Miyamoto K, et al. Military Med Res 4, 29 (2017). Li Z, Peng RY, Wang SM, Wang LF, Gao YB, Ji D, et al. BMJ. The function of dendritic spines: devices subserving biochemical rather than electrical computation. Biochem J. Int J Hyg Environ Health. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61571455). All of the authors read and approved the final manuscript. Clin Neurophysiol. Gibson GE, Jope R, Blass J. Neurosci Lett. Hassanshahi A, Shafeie SA, Fatemi I, Hassanshahi E, Allahtavakoli M, Shabani M, et al. radiation with wavelengths. Gage FH, Kelly P, Bjorklund A. [58] exposed volunteers to microwaves at a frequency of 450MHz for 10 repeated intervals of 1min of irradiation and 1min off. The increase in M1 receptor gene expression along with the impairment of novel preferences in Wi-Fi-exposed animals may suggest a possible role of the cholinergic system in the detrimental effects of Wi-Fi radiation on multisensory integration [100]. Qutob et al. 2008;86:718. Structure, development, and plasticity of dendritic spines. Chandrasekaran K, Hatanp K, Rapoport SI, Brady DR. Since mobile phones are used in positions very close to the human body and require a large 2005;1042:1018. 2015;56:2618. Cell Biochem Biophys. [39] exposed rats to microwaves (500 pps, pulse width=2s, and average whole body-specific absorption rate (SAR)=0.6W/kg) for an exposure duration of 45min, and a significant decline was observed in the rats performance, indicating that microwave radiation influenced their working memory. Microwaves are electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from 300MHz to 300GHz. Zhang et al. Instead, the effects of exposure of hu-mans and other life forms must be deter-mined and used to set realistic permissi-ble exposure limits. World J Biol Chem. BOOTP and DHCP.ppt anik301. The authors detected the EEG within the frequency bands of 0.530.0Hz for 5 consecutive days. It has been reported that microwave radiation can induce lipid peroxidation of cell membranes and produce apoptotic signals [74, 75]. Correspondence to Google Scholar. Using a ring resonator notch filter for optical carrier reduction and modulation depth enhancement in radio-over-fiber links. Brain Res. Shahin S, Banerjee S, Singh SP, Chaturvedi CM. Fragopoulou AF, Samara A, Antonelou MH, Xanthopoulou A, Papadopoulou A, Vougas K, et al. Google Scholar. 2011;35:36978. Per the FDA, the microwave can heat human skin. 2006;27:16471. Moreover, the risk of developing Alzheimers disease is 3040% lower in people who use a mobile phone for more than 10years than in other individuals [35]. 2006;165:63644. 2004;155:3743. Eastern J Med. Therefore, the central nervous system is considered one of the most sensitive organs that is targeted by microwave radiation [1, 2]. Google Scholar. 2004;48:46624. Google Scholar. The progeny brain oxidative balance and serum biochemistry, such as phosphorus, magnesium, glucose, triglycerides and calcium levels, were disrupted [60]. Sareesh et al. In contrast, a central injection of a glucose carrier inhibitor induced injury to memories [110]. This study concerns the effects of microwave on health because they pervade diverse fields of our lives. Dasdag et al. Some studies have proposed that miRNAs play important roles in nerve regeneration, neurodegenerative diseases, and the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma and schizophrenia [93,94,95]. Statistically significant changes were detected in the EEG- bands of six individuals and in the 1 and 2 bands of four subjects in the higher SAR group. 2009;158:12639. Naser D, Shahram T. Adverse health effects of occupational exposure to radiofrequency radiation in airport surveillance radar operators. Microwave radiation can heat body tissue the same way it heats your food. [85] found that protein levels were reduced in rat brains following microwave radiation, which may have been caused by the excessive consumption or a reduction of the synthesis of proteins, and reduced protein synthesis can be caused by the following processes: (1) excessive activation of RNA enzymes; (2) mRNA consumption or the formation and maturation of RNA enzymes. Microwave exposure impairs synaptic plasticity in the rat hippocampus and pc12 cells through over-activation of the nmda receptor signaling pathway. However, these effects were not observed in radial arm maze tests. Cassel et al. Of these, five rats were repeatedly exposed to extremely low-frequency microwaves (915MHz; pulse width, 20ms; average power density, 0.3mW/cm2; repetition frequency, 4.0Hz; intermittently for 1min, On for 1min, and Off for 10min; SAR, 0.7mW/g) and 5 were in the sham group. [62] irradiated Wistar rats, hippocampal synaptosomes and differentiated PC12 cells using microwaves (average power density, 30mW/cm2) for 5min, and the results showed that the post-exposure spatial memory of the rats was significantly decreased, the post-exposure levels of phosphorylated synapsin I (p-synapsin I) and GABA were decreased in the rat and cell experiments, and the post-exposure levels of vesicular GABA transporter and p-synapsin I were increased in small clear synaptic vesicles (which were abnormally assembled in presynaptic terminals) in the rat experiments. 2016;74:99107. They found that escape times were substantially decreased when the animals were trained while exposed to the phone. Numerous studies have shown that increased acetylcholine is related to promotion of the effect of glucose on memory [112,113,114]. frequency range from 1GHz to 10^6 GHz. A radio frequency electric current enhances antibiotic efficacy against bacterial biofilms. Eliyahu I, Luria R, Hareuveny R, Margaliot M, Meiran N, Shani G. Effects of radiofrequency radiation emitted by cellular telephones on the cognitive functions of humans. Neuroreport. When nerve endings are excited, the vesicles release their contents into the synaptic cleft, resulting in synaptic transmission. Brain proteome response following whole body exposure of mice to mobile phone or wireless DECT base radiation. 2008;169:3845. But microwave refers to wavelengths in microns so the. RF energy has the ability to heat human tissue, much like the way that microwave ovens heat food, and can be hazardous if the exposure is sufficiently intense or prolonged. An increase in anxiety-related behaviors and a decrease in depression-related behavior were observed in both female and male offspring. Campisi A, Gulino M, Acquaviva R, Bellia P, Raciti G, Grasso R, et al. Brain electrical activity originates from the membrane potential of the neuron itself and the fluctuation in membrane potential. Microwave radiation can cause tissue damage by inducing localized microstructural damage to proteins [86, 87]. This classical method is often used to test learning and memory abilities after exposure to microwave radiation. Verma et al. An abnormal EEG is closely associated with damaged cognitive ability. 2017;52:23947. Is nuclear respiratory factor 2 a master transcriptional coordinator for all ten nuclear-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunits in neurons? CAS . Mil Med Sci. Lnn S, Ahlbom A, Hall P, Feychting M. Long-term mobile phone use and brain tumor risk. The acute effects of exposure to the electromagnetic field emitted by mobile phones on human attention. The strength of the electric field (rms value) at the sample position was 10V/m. Qiao S, Peng R, Yan H, Gao Y, Wang C, Wang S, et al. Smythe JW, Costall B. Clinics. Suppl Clin Neurophysiol. In broadcasting, the sources of microwaves are mainly FM radio and TV broadcasting antennas, which produce frequencies ranging from 80 to 800MHz. Larjavaara S, Schz J, Swerdlow A, Feychting M, Johansen C, Lagorio S, et al. WJZ wrote the paper and outlined this manuscript, LFW and XJH provided a detailed guidance throughout the article. statement and Curr Opin Neurobiol. Lymphatic Systems: Due to chemical alterations within food substances, malfunctions occur in the lymphatic system, causing a degeneration of the body's ability to . Effects of isothermal 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on the mammalian cell Ci ihff fihl2MHdifdi i Bi l h. C Spr '05 Inan, OT Thermal effects of RF he above diagram depicts the electric field alternations, at a frequency f, of the Numerous mechanisms can activate oxidative stress, including electromagnetic radiation, and thereby cause molecular damage. P Nat Acad. PubMed Central Chin J Indus Hyg. Gold PE. PubMed Central Wang L, Li X, Peng R, Gao Y, Zhao L, Wang S, et al. Microwaving Food Leads to a Negative Impact on Human Physiology & the Heart. However, with its popularization, increasing attention has been paid to its influence on humans. Vecchio F, Babiloni C, Lizio R, Fallani FV, Blinowska K, Verrienti G, et al. 2011;174:211. 2013;73:4737. The results were significant for the range from 12.518.0GHz with a service period greater than 10years. 2000;284:30017. 2006;98:170713. After exposure to microwave radiation, during synaptic structural plasticity, presynaptic vesicles accumulate or empty, mitochondria are damaged, postsynaptic membranes are perforated, postsynaptic lengths and postsynaptic density distributions are abnormal, mossy fiber growth is inhibited during learning and memory functions, dendritic filopodial densities and activities are decreased, and there is a significant reduction of the dendritic spine density and dendritic fragment length [62]. Repeated Wi-Fi studies show that Wi-Fi causes oxidative stress, sperm/testicular damage, neuropsychiatric effects including EEG changes, apoptosis, cellular DNA damage, endocrine changes, and calcium overload. Identification of a novel rat nr2b subunit gene promoter region variant and its association with microwave-induced neuron impairment. Hardell L, Carlberg M, Mild KH, Eriksson M. Case-control study on the use of mobile and cordless phones and the risk for malignant melanoma in the head and neck region. The authors therefore proposed that synaptic conduction disorders are associated with damage to cognitive functions. Mikrobiolohichny zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine: 1993) Serge Voychuk. Mol Neurobiol. The above results indicate a positive biological effect of microwave radiation and present a challenge with regard to how people can benefit from microwave radiation. Human SH-SY5YNB cells were exposed to 2.1GHz W-CDMA modulated microwave radiation for 24h at a specific absorption rate of 0.491W/kg. In summary, there is evidence that microwave radiation can lead to alterations in protein synthesis or protein modifications; however, the results are controversial. Cordless phone radiation effect flows in a human body same way in the mobile phone [13]. The interaction of microwaves with matter other than metallic conductors will be to rotate molecules and produce heat as result of that molecular motion. Those who are accustomed to using their mobile phone ipsilaterally presented a probability that was twice that of people who dont [5,6,7]. In long-term epidemiological investigations of large population with occupational exposure, the results have not been consistent. Schz J, Jacobsen R, Olsen JH, Boice JD, McLaughlin JK, Johansen C. Cellular telephone use and cancer risk: update of a nationwide Danish cohort. Dasdag S, Akdag MZ, Erdal ME, Erdal N, Ay OI, Ay ME, et al. Othman et al. Koch C, Zador A. Cosquer et al. Mortazavi S, Rouintan M, Taeb S, Dehghan N, Ghaffarpanah A, Sadeghi Z, et al. Glucose is the main energy source and is closely related to brain neurotransmitters and cholesterol synthesis [106]. Article Hans Hertel, a Swiss food scientist, initiated the first tests on microwaved food and microwave cooking to determine how microwaves affect human physiology and the blood. Kayhan H, Esmekaya MA, Saglam AS, Tuysuz MZ, Canseven AG, Yagci AM, et al. 2003;41:26887. Merola et al. The microwave will do its intended job of heating and will start to burn (or cook) the skin tissue. The three groups were further divided into two groups according to their years of service (up to 10years and >10years) to investigate the effect of years of exposure to radar. A large number of studies have shown that microwave radiation can cause a series of adverse reactions in the central nervous system, including sleep disorders in addition to learning and memory impairments. In the probe test, the exposed group could not locate the platform and exhibited a significantly higher mean latency (i.e., 3-fold higher) to reach the target quadrant, and they spent only half the time that the controls spent in the target quadrant. Kumar M, Singh SP, Chaturvedi CM. fMicrowave Radiation Comes From Many Sources, Including: Cell phones. Furthermore, the expression of postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95) in cultured neurons was decreased. 2004;996:8996. Additionally, people exposed to military microwave sources were more vulnerable to brain tumors. The results indicated that radar microwave radiation leads to a decreased reaction time and lower short-term memory performance [18]. The conclusions are shown in Table3. Pathophysiology. 2007;27:6024. Bioelectromagnetics. J Med Food. 2005;22:32931. Article 2010;1347:17985. Baer C, Claus R, Plass C. Genome-wide epigenetic regulation of miRNAs in cancer. Szmigielski S. Cancer morbidity in subjects occupationally exposed to high frequency (radiofrequency and microwave) electromagnetic radiation. Recent advances in the effects of microwave radiation on brains. Abe M, Bonini NM. Cite this article. Dasdag S, Balci K, Celik M, Batun S, Kaplan A, Bolaman Z, et al. Wang H, Peng R, Zhao L, Wang S, Gao Y, Wang L, et al. Megha K, Deshmukh PS, Banerjee BD, Tripathi AK, Ahmed R, Abegaonkar MP. Mitochondria morphologic changes and metabolic effects of rat hippocampus after microwave irradiation. [15] assessed the use of mobile and cordless phones in 347 cases of melanoma in the head and neck region and 1184 controls and found no increased risk. [1] used 10 freely moving rats in which carbon electrodes were implanted in the cortex and dorsomedial hypothalamus. 1999;4:102. Mosconi L, Tsui WH, Rusinek H, De Santi S, Li Y, Wang GJ, et al. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) is a tetramer composed of two NR1 and two NR2 subunits or two NR3 subunits that perform the functions of NMDAR [69, 70], and NMDAR plays key roles in synapse development, synaptic plasticity and neurological diseases. 2014;12:75. 1988;9:33745. [84] and Sharma et al. In the rat hippocampus, glucose uptake plays an important role in spatial learning and memory processes. eliminating microwave and RF sources. Concurrently, in the hippocampus, acetylcholine can promote learning and memory [115, 116]. Cancer Res. In the group treated with 0.8W/kg, there was no significant change. Bioelectromagnetics. miRNAs are non-coding sequences with a length of approximately 22 nucleotides that have roles in cell development and differentiation and are also linked to signal transduction and tumorigenesis. Dasdag S, Balci K, Ayyildiz M, Celik M, Tekes S, Kaplan A. 1999;75:44756. [20] divided the radar workers into three sets: control group (n=68), exposure group I (n=40, exposed to 812GHz) and exposure group II (n=58, working with radar at 12.518.0GHz).

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