cessna 414 landing distance{ keyword }

I have owned a 1979 C414AW (a 414A with RAM winglets) for five years and about 2400 flight hours. It is the first GA airplane Ive ever owned or flown that treats passengers as comfort-seeking humans and not adventurous sardines. Trevin is a licensed flight instructor and pilot with degrees in Commercial Aviation and Aviation Management. Beginning in 1978, Cessna offered three basic equipment packages. Although you could fly for about 1,100 miles, you would be able to bring only two friends and a few bags. Engines two 375-hp turbocharged Continentals. 3,467. However, it takes a longer distance high wing loading aircraft to takeoff and land. In addition to the bare-bones model and the ARC 400-equipped 414AII, there was a III version with ARC 800- and 1000-series avionics, a Bendix RDR 160 weather radar and 100-amp alternators.After the Chancellor debuted, there were few further refinements. Its an $800 part. It's the third model in the Chancellor line and the successor to the Cessna 414II. kt, Distance The pressure of the cabin is usually around 8,000 ft but can be less according to how the system is set up. (Beginning in 1957, horsepower was modestly increased to 230.) 6,165: 6,165: SOURCE: Sources. Continental also published overhaul procedures to enable -NB engines to get the TBO boost. Introduced in 1978, the Cessna 414A or more commonly known as the Cessna Chancellor III, is a pressurized, twin-engined aircraft, with retractable landing gear. The engines were adapted from those used on the 401 and 402 models-the differences were intercoolers and provisions for bleed-air cabin pressurization. Model 414 seats up to 7 passengers and 1 pilot. )A potential buyer should carefully investigate the compliance status of the airplane by flight time and serial number, especially if the airplane is high time. B. C. (2015, July 13). The upgrade from the T310R came about because my family, including a dog, cannot all be wearing nosebags. Owners speak of the 414s smoothness, stability, and ease with which you can trim the aircraft out. With its bigger nose and lockers, the 414A can carry 1500 pounds. No warranty of With 1000 pounds of fuel, the payload may be 400 to 600 pounds. The Cessna 414 Chancellor was produced from 1968 to 1985. I am a professional aircraft broker who specializes in Twin Cessnas. Lots of external baggage in the nose and wing lockers, a pressurized aft cabin baggage area for desired in-flight items, like food, toys/games, cosmetics and a roomy pressurized 6000-foot cabin at 20,000 feet. The fuel system in early 414s is complex, especially with wing locker tanks installed and proper fuel management requires attention to detail. Fuel capacity 213-270. ) Thus, it is an indication of age and use. In the years following its introduction, the airplane saw few major changes. Most are the basic bucket.. The crosswind characteristics are good, and its easy to make squeaker landings. GlobalAir.com is your partner in connecting you with relevant information and resources. By. Finally, the Riley Rocket 414 has two 400hp Lycoming IO-720 engines fitted. When discussing landing distance, two categories must be considered: Actual landing distance is the distance used in landing and braking to a complete stop (on a dry runway) after crossing the runway threshold at 50 feet; and, Required landing distance is the distance derived by applying a factor to the actual landing distance. Today, prices range from around $160,000 to over $400,000 for typically-equipped 414s with mid-time engines. Though its Continental engines could maintain their rated power at higher altitudes, Cessna implemented manifold pressure limitations above 20,000 ft (6,096 m) to prevent excessive engine temperatures. (2005, June 14). According to the president of the Twin Cessna Flyer a society for owners of Cessna Twin aircraft Larry Ball, there are a few more problem areas of the 414A that have not been published but are common enough to talk about. And $34,235 for fixed costs such as insurance. Like most all twin Cessnas, we give the 414 high marks for cockpit ergos, and the logical layout of systems and controls makes the flight deck a comfortable place to chew up the miles. Once in service the airplanes became popular as workhorses for small charter and corporate flight departments, as well as comfortable transports for private owners.Today, prices range from around $160,000 to over $400,000 for typically-equipped 414s with mid-time engines. Cessna's 414 is among a large group of aircraft headed for extinction. The 414 and 414A truly provide a great family or business aircraft. The Piper Seneca is also quite similar to the 414A, even though it is slightly smaller. Landing distance over 50-ft obstacle: 2,393 ft: Landing distance, ground roll: 1,013 ft: Limiting and . After the Chancellor debuted, there were few further refinements. Answer: Wing loading is the total aircraft mass divided by its wing area. That year, most limiting and recommended airspeeds were boosted a few knots (except Vmc, which was lowered from 84 to 82 knots), and the -J engines were replaced with TSIO-520-Ns. Faster aircraft generally have a higher wing loading as less area is required to carry the same mass. With the same fuselage as the 421, the 414 was roomy with huge baggage space. The nose baggage compartment of the 414A made CG juggling easier.With full tanks-enough fuel for nearly 4.5 hours with IFR reserves-a well-equipped Chancellor will have room left in its weight-and-balance envelope to accommodate six FAA-standard people with their toothbrushes. 150 As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. The 421s longer nose also was grafted onto the 414A, making space for an extra 410 pounds of baggage and avionics. Given the popularity of the 414 series, its fair to say that if you need a modification, you can find it. The change allowed the engine to produce 310 hp (228 kW) at 2700 RPM from sea level to 20,000 ft (6,096 m). All aircraft, engines, and components have type certificates that approve their use. Ball reports that the pressurization controller diaphragms only last for about five years and the cabin pressure dump switch on the right landing gear should be checked often as well. This means the aircraft will burn around 17 gph (64 lph) per engine at 65% power and FL250, which is enough to get you cruising at around 202 KTAS (232 mph / 374 kmph). Most prefer the upper teens and lower 20s, where they get about 190 knots on 32 to 34 GPH at 65 percent power. In airplane engines, turbochargers are popularly used to achieve forced induction. All told, maximum useful load was boosted about 200 pounds and an eighth seat was added to the options list. VGs are also available from Micro Aerodynamics (www.microaero.com) and V/G Systems, phone 800-328-4629. Americas owner-flown aircraft enthusiasts and active-pilot resource, delivered to your inbox! Engines two 340-hp turbocharged Continentals. An STC is an approved modification to an aircraft, engine, or component. no data Combining spacious cabins and relatively small, efficient engines, the 414 series can carry lots of fuel or a small crowd with their belongings-but not both. }.tdi_115.td-a-rec-img{ Although not required on my serial number for many thousands of more hours, I had the spar strap mod installed and I cant emphasize enough how happy I am that I did it. Despite that, cylinder head cracking has been a persistent problem for the -N and -NB engines (as well as for other IO-, TSIO- and GTSIO-520s). They can be purchased from Micro Aerodynamics and VG Systems. Cessna borrowed components from existing 400-series airplanes to come out in 1970 with a model to bridge the price gap between unpressurized and pressurized twins. Initial climb rate 1,610. This can be remedied by fitting the aircraft with speed brakes/spoilers or installing a liquid cooling system to the engines. An exhaust leak is a critical item on a turbocharged airplane and can lead to a serious fire in flight. The hydraulic landing gear, with its high gear speed is a great by-product of the wet wing. Average price for used aircraft CESSNA 414A is $344,804.81. Down low, performance is nothing to write home about, but get those superchargers working at altitude, and youll see some decent cruise speeds at acceptable fuel flows. However, it isnt just an engine swap. Empty wt. ( Landing distance (50) 2,393. For 1976 the airplane was equipped with a propeller synchrophaser to control propeller RPM and phase relationship of the blades, engine-to-engine. The other category that brings the price up to the same number are the aircraft that have undergone a RAM conversion. With the RAM IV, useful load is over 2100 pounds, which enables one to carry full fuel plus 900 pounds. They said that the Cessna inspection procedure manual for the airplane is one of the best such manuals written. A 414 appears to be a good choice for anyone who wants a pressurized airplane with a big cabin and lots of baggage space. m. All data presented is only indicative and should not be used operationally. According to Hangar 67, a very high-time 1979 model year 414A was recently sold at $129,900, which is the lowest price we have found. The updated Chancellor abolished the original tip tanks in favor of a longer wet wing, benefitted from a lengthened fuselage, mounted an improved 5.0 psi pressurization system, and enjoyed a 400-pound heavier gross weight. I cannot count the number of heater failures Ive suffered over the years and the number of maintenance folks who have done their best to help me. The Chancellor utilizes the hydraulic components of the Golden Eagle gear and features a five-second retraction time. Whats Going On with Cessna Denali Turboprop. With bigger turbochargers and intercoolers, much larger cowl flaps, new intake air scoops, and Scimitar props, the airplane becomes an entirely new animal within seconds of leaving the runway. They offer technical help and forums for members to discuss everything and anything about their aircraft. The displacement and power output remained the same, but the manifold pressure was increased from 36 hPa to 38 hPa. Empty wt. The Cessna 414 is a high-performance aircraft requiring regular and comprehensive maintenance, and if looked after and regularly updated, the aircraft will hold its own on resale. However, only upon acquiring the 414 did I finally attain my goal-virtually complete independence from the airlines for domestic travel. It has an exterior length of 11.1 meters, a height of 3.5 meters, and a fuselage diameter of 1.5 meters. Aerodynamic mods include vortex generators to increase aileron and rudder control authority at low speeds. Disclaimer: Information on this site may not be accurate or current and is not valid for flight planning or any other aircraft operations. The aircraft got heavier, with the MTOW and landing weight increasing by 400 lbs (181 kg) and 550 lbs (249 kg), respectively. The CESSNA 414A, production in 1978 1985, requires a one man crew and can be configured in 7 seats. With GAMIjectors and lean-of-peak operation owners report a reduction of about 3 gph per engine at all power settings as well as cooler operating temperatures.Single-engine performance at sea level is average; about 240 FPM for the 414 and 290 FPM for the A model. A pilot in a hurry will see 205 knots on 38 GPH at 75 percent power rich of peak, although few operate that way anymore. A ramp weight of 6785 pounds was approved to allow for the consumption of six gallons of fuel during start, taxi and runup. Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 198283[8], Last edited on 27 February 2023, at 22:02, "RAM Altitude Performance Enhancing Winglets", "CENTURION ENGINES - Cessna 340, 414 & 421", "National Transportation Safety Board Aviation Accident Final Report Accident Number: FTW82AA299", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cessna_414&oldid=1141981287, This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 22:02. Before doing so, however, the pilot has to ensure there are fewer than 20 gallons in each main (tip) tank. The aircraft was labeled the Chancellor in 1976. It has a take-off distance of 665 meters and a landing distance of 718 meters. The 414A can be upgraded with the usual performance boosters such as vortex generators, which are highly recommended. One club offers extensive support for the 414, in addition to all other twin Cessnas. They are the Cadillacs of the piston line, with attention having been paid to detail; even on an288airplane of this vintage, only slight trim changes are needed when flaps or landing gear are reconfigured, although single-engine handling, as with any piston twin, is demanding and requires regular practice.The big cabin, wider than it is tall, makes for comfortable seating and copious baggage space is the 414s forte. I bought it to replace a nice Cessna T310R, which I flew for about a year. Retrieved October 5, 2021, from https://www.globalair.com/aircraft-for-sale/Specifications?specid=971. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The Cessna 340 produced by Cessna. 720 Another great resource is the Cessna Pilots Association, it offers a monthly magazine, forums, technical information, and even training. The Cessna 340 is a pressurized six-place twin featuring center-aisle seating, an air-stair door, and top cruise performance. Boost pumps seem to be a weak point, requiring what seems to be frequent replacement. The exhaust system sees a great deal of heat and vibration, thus components wear out. Fuel transferred too early is pumped overboard. Cessna 414 Stock Airplane vs. RAM Series VII; Primary Specifications Cessna 414 (As of this writing there is an alternative method of compliance published by the FAA in CE-05-35. It is a less powerful and lighter evolution of the Cessna 421. 6,500. For the 414, the engines chosen were the 310hp TSIO-520-Js, with intercoolers and takeoffs for cabin bleed air pressurization. The prices range from low-hour models with less than 4,000 hours TTAF, which are selling for just over US$385,000, while older aircraft from the early-1970s will sell for approximately US$150,000. With rare exception, all 414As have an aft potty. The applications are smaller and they have maintenance issues, so the price does fall. The average price for a used Cessna 414 at the time of print was US$230,000, having approximately 6,000 hours total time airframe (TTAF) and engine times of around 800 hours. What a difference! Any purchase of a Cessna twin- pressurized and non-pressurized-requires greater detailed analysis, airplane by airplane, than any other models. Flight planning cruise speeds appear to be between 190 to 200 knots with 37 to 38 mph fuel consumption while operating cost per hour for most owners is sub-$400. In addition to 335-HP engines, new props and intercooler scoops, it includes a set of vortex generators and gives an increase in useful load of 415 pounds. (n.d.). It has a service ceiling of 14,700 feet and a climb rate of 715 feet per minute. Cited as an excellent IFR platform, youll guess the control forces on the 414 are heavy and stable, yet a great design means only minor trim changes are needed when extending landing gear or flaps. In 1978, an enhanced version was launched, designated as the 414A Chancellor. This has made insuring a 414 tougher. In 1973, an updated 414 was released with major changes, this model was named the 414II. Its wings are borrowed from the Model 414. Any part that isnt new is all overhauled from the turbocharger to the fuel pressure regulator. Takeoff distance (50) 2,175. On November 1, 1968, the prototype registered N7170C, conducted its maiden flight. However, most owners report that after a few hours of flying, it requires little thought. The popularity of the aircraft ensures that there are enough aftermarket parts that can be bought if used parts are unavailable. Give me one three-hour cross country with any new owner and hell be able to teach the system. Fuel burn is the same, 34 GPH in cruise at all altitudes, with the RAM VII at 69 percent. It is capable, comfortable, and performs well. Compared to its biggest competitors-the 421 and Duke-a 414 provides a more room than the Duke, as much as the 421, travels a little slower, but does so more economically. Bringing the grand annual total to $240,785. If followed carefully, a mechanic wont miss anything. On the flip side, when fully loaded with eight passengers and baggage, there will be enough space for barely two hours of fuel. As we saw earlier, average prices sit between US$230,000 to US$280,000, yet highly modified and maintained aircraft command twice those figures. I have owned and flown a 1979 Cessna 414A for 14 months, accumulating 235 hours in all sorts of conditions. If Cessna Kit SK414-19-1 is incorporated, the inspection is due every 9,600 hours. Answer: The process of delivering compressed, denser air to a combustion engine is referred to as forced induction. Tip, aux and locker tanks were obviated by a 4.5-foot longer, bonded wing holding 206 gallons of usable fuel in internal bays. Answer:The flaps extend to 45 degreesThe TSIO-520-NBs red-line is 2700 RPM. However, almost all owners complain about the maintenance, and most say that the low acquisition cost of the aircraft will be offset by the cost of maintenance a few years down the line. Special Missions. Finally, in 1979 the -NB series TSIO-520 engines were installed, providing an improved crankshaft, and in time, an increased engine TBO of 1600 hours against the -Ns 1400. STANDARD DATA: ( 411) Seats 6-8. Seating is spacious and available in a variety of arrangements. When we're not in the air, we're here helping others how to join us here at Aviator Insider. It did away with the extremely complicated and troublesome fuel system of the previous generations and replaced it with wet-wing fuel tanks that were 4.50 ft (1.37 m) longer and held 213 gal (968 l) total. How much does it cost to fly: $683.19 per hour. The top of the line for the 414 is the series VI. An exhaust leak is a critical item on a turbocharged airplane and can lead to a serious fire in flight. During that period, I have exchanged two sets of engines (RAM IV), two props (one new set), two paint jobs, an interior and updated the avionics. Plane and Pilot expands upon the vast base of knowledge and experience from aviations most reputable influencers to inspire, educate, entertain and inform. But the average price of a 414A is around $300,000, while the price range is between $200,00 $500,000. Gross wt. Pricing Landing Distance: 4000 ft; Performance. While bad quality procedures in Wichita back in 1979 had probably caused my problem, the current staff at Cessna really impressed me with their efforts to help save this 27-year-old ship. [2] Scenic Airlines of Las Vegas purchased the rights to the design in 1977.[3]. Preferred Airparts, based in Ohio, provide worldwide customers with surplus new Cessna original components and used parts from dismantled aircraft. Compared to its biggest competitors-the 421 and Duke-a 414 provides a more room than the Duke, as much as the 421, travels a little slower, but does so more economically.MAINTENANCEEnsuring that all ADs have been complied with before buying a 414 will take work, because there have been several dozen of them (not counting a flurry of service bulletins), although the rate of issuance slowed down dramatically in the last 10 years.The current concern is with wing spar cracking in high-time airplanes; with a series of ADs calling for inspections and modifications to the spar-compliance is expensive. Answer: TBO means Time Between Overhaul, which is the manufacturers recommended running time, in hours or calendar time, before overhaul. One of the most important was the switch in 1979 to TSIO-520-NB engines, which have improved crankshafts. The 16 inches of extra length and the added side window do not directly mean much, but short-bodied 414s rarely have the typical cabin-class size refreshment center nor a potty. At 11,350 feet, the 414s single-engine service ceiling was a bit below average; but, at 19,850, the 414A is tops in its class. Fuelburn: 34.0 GPH Limiting speed for the extension of 15 degrees of flap was raised from 164 to 177 knots; Vlo and Vle were increased to an impressive 177 knots, from 143 knots. Im required to attend an approved school for recurrent training. - Aircraft data that you believe is inaccurate or have specific experiences. The factory tends to be much pricier than third-party garages that overhaul your engine. The 340 has a gross weight of 5,975 pounds, and an empty weight of 3,697 pounds. Prices range from low-hour models of 2,750 hours TTAF, selling for just over US$575,000, while older aircraft from the late-1970s are selling for approximately US$230,000. The RAM VII changed all that. The winglet mod works; I typically get 215 to 218 knots at mid-weight at FL220, running 72 percent power. Specs, range, speed, operating weights and performance for the Cessna 340 here . Baggage capacity of the 414 is 930 pounds, and cabin seating is available with an array of executive options. - Features that would be useful to you. Quality initial and recurrent training is critical. Also says to increase landing distance by 45% (doesn't seem to make sense). It is an approval granted to a parts manufacturer to manufacture specific aircraft components. So newer, more powerful engines with stronger components and increased aerodynamics all of which boost performance greatly and increase the value. Improved version CESSNA 414A Chancellor (appeared in 1978) with bonded wet wing, without tip tanks. Pressurization differential was increased to 5.0 PSI to enable the airplane to maintain cabin altitudes of 10,000 and 11,950 feet at cruising altitudes of 26,500 and 30,000 feet, respectively. Gross wt. One former owner even stated that anyone who says the aircraft is reliable is delusional. Most prefer the upper teens and lower 20s, where they get about 190 knots on 32 to 34 GPH at 65 percent power. Landing distance (50) 1,790. The 1970 to 77 Cessna 414 is often referred to as a straight 414, straight meaning no suffix A and not meaning a straight wing. The most significant and popular modifications that can be made to a 414A are the engine swaps by the RAM Aircraft Corporation. Many supplemental type certificates exist for the aircraft that allow upgrades to improve performance. The efficiency of the 414As long high-aspect ratio wing is highlighted by noting the 414As single-engine service ceiling is 19,850 feet. Thielert claims increased power and improved fuel economy over other available conventional piston engines. The STANDARD DATA: Seats 6-8. Power was supplied by two horizontally opposed, six-cylinder, direct-drive, turbocharged, air-cooled, fuel-injected Continental TSIO-520-Js which produced 310 hp (228 kW). The 414A has a single-engine ceiling of 19,850 ft (6,050 m) which is the best among all its peers. Also, the big Cessnas have safety records that are unmatched by any other light twin./* custom css */ Of course, any airplanes safety depends a great deal on the proficiency of its pilots. Also, a zero-fuel weight of 6515 pounds was published to preclude excessive wing bending loads. Power. Buyers should be looking carefully for compliance. The original 414 was developed out of the fuselage of the Cessna 421 and of the wing of the Cessna 401. The wingspan is 13.46 meters, the wing area is 20.97 square meters, and the wheelbase is 3.3 meters. So, if its just pressurization youre looking for and youre going to be flying with only another person or two aboard, you might want to look at the 340 for a personal hot rod. The current concern is with wing spar cracking in high-time airplanes; with a series of ADs calling for inspections and modifications to the spar-compliance is expensive. by 1100 Auxiliary fuel pumps were placed outside the tanks, while the fuel flow gauge together with the fuel quantity gauge and the fuel low-level warning light is in the cockpit. Three significant milestones in 414 development took place in 1973, 1976, and 1979. EASY ACCESS Two large cabin doors allow for convenient entry and loading for student and instructor. Some ADs have called for replacing faulty parts such as a set of vacuum pumps, and bolts on the fork of the main landing gear. Introduced in 1978, the Cessna 414A or more commonly known as the Cessna Chancellor III, is a pressurized, twin-engined aircraft, with retractable landing gear. Cessna Country: United States Manufactured: 1961 to: 1985 ICAO: C185 Price: US$.32 million (2019) Performance Weights Dimensions Avionics: Engine: 1x Continental IO-520-D Piston Power: 300 horsepower Max Cruise Speed: 145 knots 269 Km/h Approach Speed (Vref): 49 knots Travel range: 720 Nautical Miles 1,333 Kilometers Fuel Economy: Service Ceiling: The 375-HP 421Cs single engine ceiling is 14,900 feet. kg, IAS All told, maximum useful load was boosted about 200 pounds and an eighth seat was added to the options list. 2023 GlobalAir.com. Common are engine and aerodynamic modifications, including winglets. Takeoff distance (50) 1,662. The CESSNA 414A has a 2,530 runway length (or runway plus clearway and/or stopway) and 3,055 actual landing distance required. It also has a TBO of 1,400 hours which is low even for a turbocharged engine. Theres enough room in the aft cabin, the nose and wing lockers of a 414 to hold 930 pounds of baggage. Cessna 414 pressurized-turbocharged - Performance Data . STANDARD DATA: (T310R) Seats 4-6. Ceiling 26,000. Cessna Chancellor III (414A) Guide & Specs, Cessna Chancellor (414A) Performance and Handling, Piper Mirage Guide and Specs: All You Need To Know. Coupled with smaller engines than the 421, you had an economical transport that could carry a couple of passengers and baggage over 1000 miles or six executives to a day meeting two hours away. It is our mission to be the go to leaders in the aviation industry. TAKE-OFF MTOW: WTC: RECAT-EU: Light Distance: V2 (IAS): 520 m 100 kts INITIAL CLIMB (to 5000 ft) IAS: ROC: 130 kts 1200 ft/min CLIMB (to FL 240) IAS: ROC: 150 kts 800 ft/min CLIMB (to FL 150) IAS: ROC: 150 kts 1000 ft/min MACH CLIMB MACH: ROC: - - CRUISE MACH: Ceiling: - 310 FL TAS: 230 kt Range: 1100 NM INITIAL DESCENT (to FL 240) MACH: - ROD: - (n.d.). The Cessna 414 is an incredibly popular pressurized cabin-class twin, with almost 650 registered in the US alone. Rate of Climb: 1650 fpm; Climb Rate One Engine Inop: 315 fpm; Max Speed: 243 kts; Normal Cruise: 229 kts . Owners recommend two groups. If followed carefully, a mechanic wont miss anything. I have had my share of problems with turbos, turbo controllers, cylinders and cracked cases. When changes are made to the configuration, such as the addition or reduction of flaps, the aircraft doesnt have to be wrestled back into place, rather small trim changes will do just fine. However, there seem to be plenty that are not. The Cessna 411, first delivered in 1965, was one of Wichitas first ventures into the airliner market. Are COVID Vaccines Injuring Pilots? Cowl flaps can be fully closed for cruise on even ISO +30 degrees F days, while the cylinders rarely go much over 400 degrees F. At full gross takeoff weight, I see normal 69 percent power cruise speeds in the 195 to 205 KTAS range in the flight levels. Aircraft of similar configuration, age, and role include the Beechcraft Queen Air, AeroCommander 690, Piper Cheyenne, Beechcraft Duke, and the Piper Pa-31 Navajo. Landing Distance: 2393 ft: 729 m: Max Takeoff Weight: 6751 lbs: 3062 kg: Max Landing Weight: 6750 lbs: 3062 kg: Useful Weight: 2417 . If the insurance includes additional hull cover for US$225,000, the annual premium for the experienced pilot will be between US$4,400 to US$5,800 per year, while the lesser experienced pilot can expect US$5,700 to US$12,000 per year. Description document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. The 414 and 414A share the distinctive silky smooth, control response of the other 400 series Cessnas. Limiting speed for the extension of 15 degrees of flap was raised from 164 to 177 knots; Vlo and Vle were increased to an impressive 177 knots, from 143 knots.Beginning in 1978, Cessna offered three basic equipment packages. Fuel cost per hour: An AD issued in 1986 requires cylinders to be pressure-checked for leaks every 50 hours until the engine has amassed 500 hours.Four different pressurization systems were offered during the run of the 414A, so its essential that the maintenance technician working on a pressurization glitch confirm which system by aircraft serial number.PERFORMANCE, LOADINGService ceilings are above 30,000 feet, but few owners fly that high.

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